PAM roles in ceramic tiles manufacturing
Polyacrylamide (abbreviated as PAM, CAS No. 9003-05-8) is a water-soluble linear high-molecular polymer formed by free radical polymerization of acrylamide monomers, with the molecular formula of (C₃H₅NO)ₙ. It is applied in different industry due to its character. It plays the following main roles in the manufacturing and application of ceramic tiles:
- a) Dispersant Effect: When added to tile body and glaze slurries, polyacrylamide enhances the dispersibility and stability of the slurry, reduces particle aggregation, ensures glaze uniformity, and thus improves the quality of finished tiles.
- b) Enhancing Fluidity: Polyacrylamide optimizes the fluidity and wettability of the slurry, enabling more uniform glaze application and reducing the occurrence of glaze defects such as cracks or bubbles.
- a) Reinforcing Tile Adhesives: As an interface treatment agent or adhesive enhancer, polyacrylamide significantly improves the bonding strength between cement mortar and the tile base surface, preventing tile falling off caused by uneven or damp substrates.
- b) Improving Mortar Workability: Adding polyacrylamide to mortar effectively locks in moisture, extends the construction time, makes the mortar smoother and easier to handle, and reduces the risk of dry cracking, ensuring the structural stability after tile laying.
Polyacrylamide is used as a flocculant in ceramic production wastewater. It rapidly settles suspended particles (such as clay and glaze residues), reduces wastewater turbidity, facilitates subsequent reuse or discharge up to standards, and indirectly guarantees the environmental sustainability of tile production.
Polyacrylamide can also improve the hardness and wear resistance of the glaze surface through its polymer properties, extending the service life of the tiles.
